Ubusanzwe abahanga batanga inama yo kwirinda kwipimisha antibodi nyuma yo gukingirwa.Ariko kubantu bamwe, ibi birumvikana.
Nonese ko miriyoni mirongo zabanyamerika bakingiwe coronavirus, abantu benshi bifuza kumenya: Mfite antibodi zihagije zo kurinda umutekano?
Kubantu benshi, igisubizo ni yego.Ibi ntabwo byahagaritse urujya n'uruza rw'ibisanduku byapimwe kugirango bipimishe antibody.Ariko kugirango ubone igisubizo cyizewe mubizamini, umuntu wakingiwe agomba gukora ubwoko bwikizamini mugihe gikwiye.
Igerageze imburagihe, cyangwa wishingikirize ku kizamini gishakisha antibody itari nziza - biroroshye cyane urebye ibice byinshi byizunguruka biboneka muri iki gihe - ushobora gutekereza ko ugifite intege nke mugihe udafite.
Mubyukuri, abahanga bahitamo ko abantu basanzwe bakingiwe batazigera bipimisha antibody, kuko ibi bidakenewe.Mu bigeragezo bivura, urukingo rwemewe na Amerika rwateje antibody ikomeye mubitabiriye hafi bose.
Akiko Iwasaki, inzobere mu gukingira indwara muri kaminuza ya Yale yagize ati: “Abantu benshi ntibakagombye no guhangayikishwa n'iki kibazo.
Kwipimisha antibody ni ngombwa kubantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri cyangwa abafata imiti imwe n'imwe - iki cyiciro kinini kirimo amamiriyoni yakira impano z'ingingo, barwaye kanseri zimwe na zimwe z'amaraso, cyangwa gufata steroyide cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kwirinda indwara.Abantu bafite ibiyobyabwenge.Hariho ibimenyetso byinshi byerekana ko igice kinini cyaba bantu kitazagira antibody ihagije nyuma yo gukingirwa.
Niba ugomba kwipimisha, cyangwa ushaka kwipimisha gusa, noneho kubona ikizamini gikwiye ni ngombwa, Dr. Iwasaki yagize ati: "Ndatinda gusaba abantu bose kwipimisha, kuko keretse niba bumva neza uruhare rwo kwipimisha. , abantu Birashobora kwibeshya ko nta antibodi zakozwe. ”
Mu minsi ya mbere y’icyorezo, ibizamini byinshi by’ubucuruzi byari bigamije gushaka antibodiyide zirwanya poroteyine ya coronavirus yitwa nucleocapsid cyangwa N, kubera ko izo antibodies ziba nyinshi mu maraso nyuma yo kwandura.
Ariko izo antibodies ntabwo zikomeye nkizikenewe kugirango wirinde kwandura virusi, kandi igihe zayo ntabwo ari kirekire.Icy'ingenzi cyane, antibodies zirwanya poroteyine N ntizikorwa ninkingo zemewe na Amerika;Ahubwo, izi nkingo zitera antibodies zindi proteine (bita spike) ziri hejuru ya virusi.
Niba abantu batigeze bandura urukingo bakingiwe hanyuma bagapimwa antibodiyite zirwanya poroteyine N aho kuba antibodiyite zirwanya imitwe, barashobora gukomera.
David Lat, umwanditsi w'amategeko w'imyaka 46 y'amavuko i Manhattan, wari mu bitaro bya Covid-19 mu byumweru bitatu muri Werurwe 2020, yanditse kuri Twitter indwara nyinshi ndetse no gukira kwe.
Mu mwaka wakurikiyeho, Bwana Rattle yapimwe antibodi inshuro nyinshi-urugero, igihe yajyaga kureba impuguke cyangwa impuguke mu bijyanye n’umutima kugira ngo ayikurikirane, cyangwa yatanze plasma.Urwego rwa antibody rwabaye rwinshi muri Kamena 2020, ariko rwaragabanutse mu mezi yakurikiyeho.
Rattle aherutse kwibutsa ko uku kugabanuka “kutampangayikishije.”Ati: “Nabwiwe ko bizashira mu buryo busanzwe, ariko nishimiye ko nkomeje kugira imyumvire myiza.”
Kuva ku ya 22 Werurwe uyu mwaka, Bwana Lat yakingiwe byimazeyo.Ariko ikizamini cya antibody cyakozwe ninzobere mu bijyanye n’umutima we ku ya 21 Mata nticyari cyiza.Bwana Rattle yarumiwe: “Natekereje ko nyuma y'ukwezi kumwe nkingiwe, antibodiyite zanjye zizaturika.”
Bwana Rattle yerekeje kuri Twitter kugirango abisobanure.Florian Krammer, inzobere mu gukingira indwara mu Ishuri ry’Ubuvuzi rya Icahn ku musozi wa Sinayi i New York, yashubije abaza ikizamini Bwana Rattle yakoresheje.Bwana Rattle yagize ati: "Nibwo nabonye ibisobanuro birambuye."Yatahuye ko iki ari ikizamini kuri antibodiyite N proteyine, ntabwo ari antibodies zirwanya imitoma.
Bwana Rattle yagize ati: "Birasa nkaho bitemewe, baguha nucleocapsid gusa."“Sinigeze ntekereza gusaba undi.”
Muri Gicurasi uyu mwaka, Ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe ibiryo n’ibiyobyabwenge cyagiriye inama yo kwirinda gukoresha ibizamini bya antibody kugira ngo hamenyekane ubudahangarwa - icyemezo cyashimishije abahanga mu bya siyansi - kandi gitanga amakuru y’ibanze yerekeye ikizamini ku bashinzwe ubuzima.Abaganga benshi kugeza ubu ntibazi gutandukanya ibizamini bya antibody, cyangwa kuba ibyo bizamini bipima gusa uburyo bumwe bwo kwirinda virusi.
Mubisanzwe ibizamini byihuse bizatanga yego-oya ibisubizo kandi birashobora kubura urugero rwa antibodies.Ubwoko bumwebumwe bwa laboratoire, bwitwa Elisa test, burashobora kugereranya icya kabiri cyo kugereranya antibodiyite za spike protein.
Ni ngombwa kandi gutegereza byibuze ibyumweru bibiri kugirango bipimishe nyuma yo guterwa inshuro ya kabiri urukingo rwa Pfizer-BioNTech cyangwa Moderna, mugihe urwego rwa antibody ruzamuka rukagera kurwego ruhagije rwo gutahura.Kubantu bamwe bakira urukingo rwa Johnson & Johnson, iki gihe gishobora kuba nkibyumweru bine.
Dr. Iwasaki yagize ati: "Iki ni igihe, antigen ndetse no kwiyumvisha ibizamini-byose ni ngombwa cyane."
Mu Gushyingo, Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima ryashyizeho ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gupima antibody kugira ngo bigereranye ibizamini bitandukanye.Dr. Kramer yagize ati: "Ubu hariho ibizamini byinshi byiza."Ati: “Buhoro buhoro, aba bakora inganda zose, aha hantu hose babayobora bahuza n'imitwe mpuzamahanga.”
Muganga Dorry Segev, umuganga ubaga transplant akaba n'umushakashatsi muri kaminuza ya Johns Hopkins, yagaragaje ko antibodiyite ari kimwe mu bigize ubudahangarwa: “Ibintu byinshi bibaho munsi y’ibizamini bya antibody bidashobora gupima mu buryo butaziguye.”Umubiri uracyafite icyo bita ubudahangarwa bw'utugingo ngengabuzima, akaba ari urusobe rugoye rwa ba myugariro narwo ruzitabira abinjira.
Yavuze ariko ko ku bantu bakingiwe ariko bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, bishobora kuba byiza kumenya ko kwirinda virusi atari yo igomba kuba.Kurugero, umurwayi watewe afite antibody nkeya arashobora gukoresha ibisubizo byikizamini kugirango yumvishe umukoresha ko agomba gukomeza gukora kure.
Bwana Rattle ntabwo yashakishije ikindi kizamini.Nubwo yavuye mu bizamini, kumenya gusa ko urukingo rushobora kongera antibodi ziwe birahagije kugira ngo mumwizeze: “Nizera ko urukingo rufite akamaro.”
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-23-2021