COVID-19 ni indwara iterwa na coronavirus nshya SARS-CoV-2.Nubwo COVID-19 yoroheje kandi igereranije mubihe byinshi, irashobora kandi gutera uburwayi bukomeye.
Hariho ibizamini bitandukanye kugirango umenye COVID-19.Kwipimisha virusi, nka molekuline na antigen, birashobora kumenya indwara zanduye.Muri icyo gihe, kwipimisha antibody birashobora kumenya niba waranduye coronavirus nshya mbere.
Hasi, tuzasenya buri bwoko bwikizamini cya COVID-19 muburyo burambuye.Tuziga uburyo bikorwa, mugihe ibisubizo bishobora gutegurwa, nukuri.Komeza usome kugirango umenye byinshi.
Kwipimisha molekuline kuri COVID-19 bikoreshwa mugufasha gusuzuma indwara ya coronavirus yanduye.Urashobora kandi kubona ubu bwoko bwikizamini bwitwa:
Igeragezwa rya molekulari ikoresha iperereza ryihariye kugirango hamenyekane ko hari ibintu bikomoka kuri genoside nshya.Kugirango tunonosore neza, ibizamini byinshi bya molekuline birashobora kumenya genes nyinshi za virusi, ntabwo ari imwe gusa.
Ibizamini byinshi bya molekuline bifashisha izuru cyangwa umuhogo kugirango bakusanye ingero.Byongeye kandi, ubwoko bumwebumwe bwibizamini bya molekuline burashobora gukorerwa kumacandwe yakusanyirijwe kugusaba gucira mumiyoboro.
Igihe cyo guhinduranya ibizamini bya molekile birashobora gutandukana.Kurugero, ukoresheje ibizamini bimwe byihuse ushobora kwakira ibisubizo muminota 15 kugeza 45.Iyo ingero zikeneye koherezwa muri laboratoire, birashobora gufata iminsi 1 kugeza kuri 3 kugirango wakire ibisubizo.
Igeragezwa rya molekuline rifatwa nk "zahabu" yo gusuzuma COVID-19.Kurugero, isuzuma rya 2021 Cochrane ryerekanye ko ibizamini bya molekile byapimwe neza 95.1% byanduye COVID-19.
Kubwibyo, ibisubizo byiza byikizamini cya molekile mubisanzwe birahagije kugirango umenye COVID-19, cyane cyane niba ufite ibimenyetso bya COVID-19.Nyuma yo kwakira ibisubizo, mubisanzwe ntabwo bikenewe gusubiramo ikizamini.
Urashobora kubona ibisubizo bibi mubisubizo bya molekuline.Usibye amakosa yo gukusanya icyitegererezo, gutwara, cyangwa gutunganya, igihe nacyo ni ngombwa.
Kubera izo mpamvu, ni ngombwa gushaka ibizamini ako kanya nyuma yo gutangira kugira ibimenyetso bya COVID-19.
Itegeko rya mbere rya Coronavirus Igisubizo (FFCRA) kuri ubu ryemeza ibizamini bya COVID-19, hatitawe ku bwishingizi.Ibi birimo ibizamini bya molekile.Igiciro nyacyo cyo gupima molekile giteganijwe kuba hagati y $ 75 na 100.
Kimwe no gupima molekile, gupima antigen birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango umenye niba ufite COVID-19.Urashobora kandi kubona ubu bwoko bwikizamini cyitwa COVID-19 yihuta.
Ihame ryakazi ryikizamini cya antigen nugushakisha ibimenyetso byihariye bya virusi bita antigens.Niba hamenyekanye antigen ya coronavirus antigen, antibodies zikoreshwa mugupima antigen zizahuza kandi zitange umusaruro mwiza.
Koresha izuru kugirango ukusanye ingero zo gupima antigen.Urashobora kwakira ibizamini bya antigen ahantu henshi, nka:
Igihe cyo guhindura ibizamini bya antigen mubisanzwe byihuta kuruta gupima molekile.Bishobora gufata iminota igera kuri 15 kugeza 30 kugirango ubone ibisubizo.
Kwipimisha Antigen ntabwo ari ukuri nko gupima molekile.Isuzuma rya 2021 Cochrane ryaganiriweho hejuru ryerekanye ko ikizamini cya antigen cyagaragaje neza COVID-19 kuri 72% na 58% byabantu bafite ibimenyetso bya COVID-19 kandi badafite.
Nubwo ibisubizo byiza mubisanzwe ari ukuri, ibisubizo bibi bishobora kugaragara kubera impamvu zisa no gupima molekile, nko gupima antigen imburagihe nyuma yo kwandura coronavirus nshya.
Bitewe nubushakashatsi buke bwa antigen, kwipimisha molekuline birashobora gusabwa kwemeza ingaruka mbi, cyane cyane niba ufite ibimenyetso bya COVID-19.
Kimwe no gupima molekile, kwipimisha antigen kuri ubu ni ubuntu hatitawe ku bwishingizi muri FFCRA.Igiciro nyacyo cyo gupima antigen giteganijwe kuba hagati y $ 5 US $ 50.
Kwipimisha Antibody birashobora gufasha kumenya niba waranduye COVID-19 mbere.Urashobora kandi kubona ubu bwoko bwikizamini cyitwa ikizamini cya serologiya cyangwa ikizamini cya serologiya.
Ikizamini cya antibody kireba antibodies zirwanya coronavirus nshya mumaraso yawe.Antibodies ni poroteyine sisitemu yumubiri wawe isubiza kwandura cyangwa gukingirwa.
Bifata ibyumweru 1 kugeza kuri 3 kugirango umubiri wawe utangire gukora antibodies.Kubwibyo, bitandukanye nibizamini bibiri bya virusi byavuzwe haruguru, ibizamini bya antibody ntibishobora gufasha kumenya niba byanduye coronavirus nshya.
Igihe cyo guhinduka cyo gupima antibody kiratandukanye.Ibikoresho bimwe byo kuryama birashobora gutanga ibisubizo kumunsi.Niba wohereje icyitegererezo muri laboratoire kugirango isesengurwe, urashobora kwakira ibisubizo muminsi 1 kugeza 3.
Ubundi Cochrane isubiramo muri 2021 ireba ukuri kwipimisha antibody ya COVID-19.Muri rusange, ikizamini cyukuri cyiyongera mugihe.Kurugero, ikizamini ni:
Turacyumva igihe antibodies zanduye SARS-CoV-2 zishobora kumara.Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekanye ko antibodies zishobora kumara byibuze amezi 5 kugeza kuri 7 kubantu bakize COVID-19.
Kimwe no gupima molekile na antigen, FFCRA nayo ikubiyemo gupima antibody.Igiciro nyacyo cyo gupima antibody giteganijwe kuba hagati ya $ 30 na US $ 50.
Uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima urugo rwa COVID-19 burahari ubu, harimo gupima molekile, antigen, na antibody.Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwurugo COVID-19:
Ubwoko bw'icyitegererezo cyegeranijwe biterwa n'ubwoko bw'ikizamini nuwabikoze.Kwipimisha virusi murugo birashobora gusaba izuru cyangwa amacandwe.Kwipimisha antibody murugo biragusaba gutanga urugero rwamaraso yakuwe murutoki.
Murugo COVID-19 kwipimisha birashobora gukorwa muri farumasi, mumaduka acururizwamo, cyangwa kumurongo, hamwe cyangwa utabigenewe.Nubwo gahunda zimwe zubwishingizi zishobora kwishyura ibyo biciro, urashobora kwishyura ikiguzi runaka, bityo rero menya neza niba ugenzura uwaguhaye ubwishingizi.
Nk’uko Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara (CDC) kibitangaza, gusuzuma ibizamini bya COVID-19 birasabwa mu bihe bikurikira:
Kwipimisha virusi ni ngombwa kugirango umenye niba ufite coronavirus nshya kandi ukeneye kwigunga murugo.Ibi nibyingenzi kugirango bifashe gukumira ikwirakwizwa rya SARS-CoV-2 mu baturage.
Urashobora kwipimisha antibody kugirango urebe niba waranduye coronavirus nshya mbere.Inzobere mu by'ubuzima irashobora kukugira inama yo gutanga inama yo gupima antibody.
Nubwo ibizamini bya antibody bishobora kukubwira niba waranduye SARS-CoV-2 mbere, ntibishobora kumenya urwego rwubudahangarwa bwawe.Ni ukubera ko kugeza ubu bitaramenyekana igihe ubudahangarwa karemano bwa coronavirus nshya buzamara.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa kutishingikiriza ku bizamini bya antibody kugirango umenye niba urinzwe na coronavirus nshya.Tutitaye kubizavamo, biracyakenewe gukomeza gufata ingamba za buri munsi kugirango twirinde COVID-19.
Kwipimisha Antibody nigikoresho cyingirakamaro epidemiologiya.Abashinzwe ubuzima rusange barashobora kubikoresha kugirango bamenye urugero abaturage bahura na coronavirus nshya.
Ikizamini cya virusi gikoreshwa kugirango umenye niba ufite COVID-19.Ubwoko bubiri butandukanye bwo gupima virusi ni gupima molekile no gupima antigen.Muri bibiri, gutahura molekile birasobanutse neza.
Ikizamini cya antibody kirashobora kumenya niba waranduye coronavirus nshya mbere.Ariko ntibashobora kumenya indwara ya COVID-19 iriho.
Ukurikije itegeko rya mbere ryumuryango Coronavirus, ibisubizo byose bya COVID-19 kubuntu.Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge zijyanye na COVID-19 cyangwa ibisubizo byikizamini, nyamuneka hamagara inzobere mu buvuzi.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-20-2021