Ubusanzwe usura ubuvuzi harimo gutwara imodoka ku ivuriro cyangwa ku biro, kuzuza impapuro zimwe, no gutegereza ko umuntu aguhamagara mugihe uwaguhaye serivisi yiteguye.
Hanyuma, kwandura coronavirus.Mu buryo butunguranye, abantu benshi bitabira gahunda kuri mudasobwa cyangwa kuri terefone, kandi telemedisine yabaye izina ryurugo.
Nubwo gahunda yo kuvura telemedine imaze imyaka mirongo, iracyari hafi ya sisitemu yubuzima.Icyorezo kimaze gutuma bidashoboka gutanga serivisi z'ubuvuzi nka mbere, ubuvuzi bwa telemedine bwabaye ngombwa, kandi inzitizi zo kwishyura, ikoranabuhanga, n'impushya zatangiye kugabanuka.Sisitemu zimwe na zimwe zubuvuzi zigomba kuva mubikorwa bito bya telemedisine bikagera 100% muburyo bwo guhura nijoro.Umurwayi yahise atangira kubonana na muganga murugo.No mubitaro byibitaro, baragenda basabana nabashinzwe ubuvuzi bakoresheje iPad.Harlan Krumholz, umwarimu w’ubuvuzi mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubuvuzi rya Yale University, yavuze ko ibintu bigezweho mu buvuzi bwa telemedine “bidashoboka ku bantu benshi.”
Mbere y’icyorezo, abashinzwe ubuzima bari barabonye ko byanze bikunze telemedisine.Ariko, kubera impamvu zitandukanye, zirimo sisitemu yo kwishyura, imigenzo nibyifuzo byabarwayi, sisitemu yibitaro iracyashobora kwikuramo.Mbere, telemedisine nyinshi yakorwaga binyuze murusobe rwa sisitemu yubuzima n’amavuriro bita “hub”, aho impuguke (“hubs”) zitanga ibigo nderabuzima bito n’ibitaro (“umuvugizi”)..Kurugero, umurwayi ashobora kujya mukigo nderabuzima cyabaturage kureba umuganga windwara zo mumutwe mumirometero amagana.Mu cyorezo, iyi moderi yasimbuwe ahanini n’uburyo bwo kwegereza ubuyobozi abaturage ku buryo bworoshye, ariko mu turere dufite umurongo mugari wa interineti (abantu bashobora gukenera kujya ku mavuriro y’abaturage) hamwe n’ahantu hitaruye bisaba ibikoresho byihariye Usibye mu buvuzi. umurima, kurugero kubarwayi bakeneye gusuzumwa indwara yubwonko cyangwa indwara z'umutima.
Abantu benshi batunguwe, iyi ntera nini kuri telemedisine na videwo yo gukora amashusho ikora neza.Amashyirahamwe yita kubuzima yashoboye gutanga umutekano kandi twavuga ko arushijeho gukora neza kandi ahendutse kubarwayi murugo.Ibi bivuze kandi amahirwe menshi yo gukorera murugo, bikagirira akamaro abakozi benshi bashinzwe ubuzima (urugero, ababyeyi bafite abana).Byongeye kandi, utanga serivisi ashobora kubona imbere yinzu yumurwayi, bishobora gufasha gusobanukirwa neza nubuzima bwumurwayi.
Lauren Eberly, umushakashatsi w’ivuriro mu buvuzi bw’umutima n’imitsi mu Ishuri ry’Ubuvuzi rya Perelman muri kaminuza ya Pennsylvania, yatanze urugero mu ruzinduko rwa telemedine igihe abarwayi be bavugaga ku miti ye.Igihe Eberly yabazaga ibijyanye no gufata imiti runaka, umurwayi yatekereje ko ayifata-ariko nyuma yereka Eberly akabati k’imiti, kitarimo imiti.Umurwayi yatekereje ko afite imiti yose yari akeneye, ariko mubyukuri yabuze imiti imwe, ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi.
Umuyobozi w’ubuvuzi bw’imbere mu bitaro bya Brigham n’ibitaro by’umugore, akaba n'umwarimu wa politiki y’ubuzima n’imicungire muri kaminuza ya Harvard, David Bates yagize ati: “Mu buryo bwinshi, [gukoresha telemedisine] bizaba kimwe mu bintu byiza byanduye.”Chen Chen Ishuri ryubuzima rusange.
Sisitemu ikomeye, ihoraho ya telemedisine irashobora kugabanya ubukana bwibitaro, bigatuma abarwayi benshi bashobora kwitabwaho murugo no hanze yibitaro.Ibi birashobora gufasha kwemerera Bates guhanura ko mugihe kiri imbere, hashobora gushyirwaho ibitanda byinshi byibitaro, bityo birashobora no kuba ibice byitaweho cyane cyangwa ibigo byita ku barwayi aho kuba kimwe cyangwa byinshi.Muri ubu buryo, ibitaro bizashobora "kwishima" mugihe gikenewe cyane, nkuko ibitaro bya Californiya byabayemo mugihe cyicyorezo.
Ariko, iterambere ryihuse rya telemedisine ntabwo ritunganye.Abatanga serivisi hamwe n’abarwayi bakeneye kumenyera byihuse urubuga rushya rw’ikoranabuhanga, kandi biragoye ko abantu bayobora uburyo bwo kubona amashusho, bakamenya uburyo bwo gukoresha porogaramu zerekana amashusho cyangwa gukomeza umurongo wa interineti uhamye.Abatanga ibicuruzwa barashobora kubura ibimenyetso bitavuze nubundi buryo bufifitse bwo gusura abarwayi, cyangwa bakananirwa kwerekana impuhwe muburyo busanzwe imbonankubone, nko gutanga amaboko ahumuriza.Amahuriro amwe ntabwo afite ingamba nziza z'umutekano.Byongeye kandi, niba umurwayi akeneye kwipimisha bimwe, ntibishobora gukorerwa gusa.
Muri rusange, icyorezo cyatanze ibigeragezo kuri sisitemu nyinshi zubuzima kugirango zikoreshe telemedisine.Ariko, kimwe na beta iyariyo yose, verisiyo nziza.Kugirango telemedisine igere kubushobozi bwayo bwose, bizakenera uburyo bwiza bwo kwitabira abarwayi, nko gukurikirana kure, urugero, uburyo abantu babona umuvuduko wamaraso nibindi bimenyetso byingenzi murugo.Abatanga ubuvuzi baracyiga nibintu bito, nko kudahura nkuko bisanzwe mugihe cyo gusurwa.Urubuga rwa telemedisine ruzakomeza kunozwa muburyo bukoreshwa, ubuzima bwite n'umutekano.
Kugirango telemedisine igere kubushobozi bwayo, dukeneye kandi kwitondera uzasigara inyuma.Amaterefone arashobora gufasha gukemura itandukaniro rya digitale, ariko kumatsinda menshi, burigihe hariho inzitizi zo kubona ikoranabuhanga.Kurugero, abantu bava mumoko mato barangwa nigipimo gito cyo kwinjiza umurongo mugari hamwe na mudasobwa nkeya hamwe nikoreshwa rya interineti.Abarwayi bageze mu zabukuru barashobora kuba bafite umurongo wa telefone kandi ntibashobora kubona amashusho.
Ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa ku barwayi bateganya gusurwa na telemedisine mu mezi ya mbere y’icyorezo cya coronavirus bwerekana ko hari ubusumbane bukomeye mu ikoreshwa rya telemedisine.Muri rusange, gukoresha telemedisine (harimo na terefone na videwo) biri hasi mu barwayi bakuze, Aziya cyangwa abatari Icyongereza.Mu buryo nk'ubwo, abakuze, abategarugori, abirabura cyangwa Latino, abantu bafite imibereho myiza yubukungu bakoresha amashusho cyane.
Eberly yagize ati: "Turimo kubaka sisitemu nshya ya telemedisine, iduha amahirwe yo gukemura ikibazo."Ati: “Iyo tuyishyira mu bikorwa, yaba ikoranabuhanga ryinshi cyangwa udushya twinshi, tugomba gukoresha urwego kugira ngo dukomeze gusuzuma ubusumbane bw'imiterere muri telemedine.”
Telemedicine izakenera ishoramari ryinshi.Ikigo cyitwa Mercy Virtual Care Centre, ikigo kinini cyubuvuzi, cyabaye umuyobozi mu gufasha amashyirahamwe gutekereza kubuvuzi busanzwe.Nk’uko Bates abitangaza, Impuhwe zikoresha amafaranga agera kuri 5% y’amafaranga yinjira muri telemedisine, akaba ari menshi cyane ugereranije n’andi ma sisitemu y’ibitaro yakoresheje kuri telemedisine (hafi 0.1% kugeza 0.2% byinjira).
Bates yagize ati: “Turimo gushora imari muri (telemedisine).”Ati: “Hazabaho impinduka mu gihe kiri imbere, ariko bizatwara igihe.”
Kunoza telemedisine bisaba kandi politiki ndende no kuvugurura amategeko.Mbere y’icyorezo cya coronavirus, nubwo telemedisine yari yarashyizwe mu bikorwa neza mu nzego nyinshi z’umwuga, nta wasubizaga amafaranga yakoreshejwe kuri telemedine.Icyorezo kimaze gutangazwa ko byihutirwa mu buzima rusange, amasosiyete y’ubwishingizi, kimwe na Medicare na Medicaid, yatanze ubwishingizi bwa telemedisine.Kongere, guverinoma ihuriweho na guverinoma na leta byoroheje amabanga y’abarwayi n’amabwiriza ya telemedine.Nyamara, amenshi muri ayo mavugurura yatanzwe by'agateganyo mugihe cyihutirwa cyubuzima rusange, kandi nubwo icyorezo kitarangiye, batangiye gusubira inyuma.
Byaba byiza, igipimo cyo kwishyurwa muburyo bwose bwubuvuzi (imbonankubone, videwo na terefone) bigomba kuba bimwe, ntabwo byigihe gito.Hatabayeho uburinganire, abatanga serivise zitanga imiti (nko gusura terefone kubantu bahejejwe inyuma) bazahanwa cyane kuko ibiciro byabo byo kwishyura biri hasi.Ariko, hariho impamvu zimwe zicyizere.Kurugero, ku nkunga y’amashyaka yombi, itegeko ryo kurinda Telemedicine 2021 nyuma ya COVID-19 n’itegeko rigezweho rya Telemedicine ryo mu 2021 ryasabwe muri Kongere vuba aha.Guverineri wa Massachusetts, Charlie Baker, aherutse gushyira umukono ku mushinga w'itegeko rivugurura ry'ubuzima, risaba ko amafaranga yo gusura telemedine y’imyitwarire agomba kuba angana n'amafaranga yo gusura imbonankubone mu gihe cy'imyaka ibiri.Hatabayeho amabwiriza nkaya, mu gihugu hazabaho nibura telemedisine imwe.Ariko abafatanyabikorwa ntibashaka gusura telemedisine badatanga agaciro kubarwayi.
Krumholz yagize ati: "Abantu bazashaka ibyo babazwa."Yagaragaje kandi ko kubera ko abarwayi nka telemedisine bakunze gusura umuganga, amasosiyete y’ubwishingizi azakomeza kwandika igitutu cya telemedisine.
Joseph Kvedar, umwarimu w’indwara z’uruhu mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubuvuzi rya Harvard akaba n’umuyobozi w’ishyirahamwe ry’Abanyamerika Telemedicine, yavuze ko politiki yoroshye yo kwishyura ari ngombwa nko kwishyura.Niba bigoye, isosiyete yubwishingizi irashobora rimwe na rimwe kwanga fagitire, cyangwa umurwayi ashobora kubona fagitire itunguranye.
Usibye uburyo bwo kwishyura, hari izindi politiki zigomba kuvugururwa.Kurugero, hari ibibujijwe kugera kubarwayi hirya no hino muri telemedisine.Nubwo uku kubuzwa gusobanutse gusurwa kwambere, birashobora kuba nkenerwa koroshya ibyangombwa byimpushya za leta kugirango ibikurikiranwe bishoboke gukorwa muburyo bwiza.Serivisi rusange yagutse nayo irasabwa.
Kimwe mu bibazo byingenzi bitwara telemedisine ni: Ni ryari byumvikana ko abatanga serivisi babona abarwayi imbonankubone aho kureba kuri videwo?Ukurikije ibyo umurwayi akeneye, ibice bimwe nkubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe birashobora kuba byiza cyane kubikurikirana.Ariko, kubera gukenera ibikoresho kabuhariwe, abandi bantu (urugero, kubonana na muganga kubireba cyangwa kumva) baragiye.
Muri rusange, amashyirahamwe yita ku buzima aracyafite ibibazo bitarakemuka, harimo nuburyo bwo gukoresha neza imiterere yumubiri nuburyo bwo gushyira abarwayi abarwayi.Ariko ibyo bibazo birashobora gukemuka.Icyangombwa nuko telemedisine ifite kandi izakomeza guha abantu agaciro gakomeye.
Ati: "Tuzabona iterambere ryayo gusa.Haracyari byinshi byo kwiga, ariko iki ni igihe gishimishije. ”Krumholz ati.
Kuvugurura 1 Werurwe 2021: Iyi ngingo yavuguruwe kugirango yerekane ko Joseph Kovdal asanzwe ari umuyobozi w’ishyirahamwe ry’abanyamerika ryita ku miti.
Future Tense ni umufatanyabikorwa wa Slate, Amerika Nshya na kaminuza ya Leta ya Arizona, yitangiye gukora ubushakashatsi ku ikoranabuhanga rigenda rigaragara, politiki rusange na sosiyete.
Slate yishingikiriza kumatangazo kugirango ashyigikire itangazamakuru ryacu.Niba uha agaciro akazi kacu, nyamuneka uhagarike kwamamaza.
Mugihe winjiye muri Slate Plus, uzashyigikira akazi kacu kandi ubone ibintu byihariye.Kandi ntuzongera kubona ubu butumwa.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-02-2021