Niba test ya Covid-19 ikorwa inshuro nyinshi mucyumweru, ihwanye na PCR

Ibisubizo nibyiza kubategura ibizamini bya antigen, babonye igabanuka nyuma yinkingo itangiye.
Ubushakashatsi buto bwatewe inkunga n'ikigo cy'igihugu cyita ku buzima (NIS) bwerekanye ko Covid-19 ikizamini cyo gutembera (LFT) gifite akamaro nk’ikizamini cya polymerase reaction (PCR) mu kumenya ubwandu bwa SARS-CoV-2.Bikorwa buri minsi itatu Kwerekana.
Ibizamini bya PCR bifatwa nkibipimo bya zahabu mugupima indwara ya Covid-19, ariko gukoreshwa kwinshi nkibikoresho byo gusuzuma ni bike kuko bigomba gutunganyirizwa muri laboratoire kandi ibisubizo bishobora gufata iminsi myinshi kugirango bigere ku barwayi.
Ibinyuranye, LFT irashobora gutanga ibisubizo muminota 15, kandi abakoresha ntibakeneye no kuva murugo.
Abashakashatsi bafitanye isano na NIH Diagnostic Rapid yihuta ya gahunda batangaje ibyavuye mu bantu 43 banduye Covid-19.Abitabiriye amahugurwa bari baturutse muri kaminuza ya Illinois muri Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) SHIELD Illinois Covid-19 gahunda yo kwerekana.Bipimishije ubwabo cyangwa bahuye cyane nabantu bapimishije ibyiza.
Abitabiriye amahugurwa bemerewe mu minsi mike nyuma yo kwandura virusi, kandi ibisubizo by’ibizamini byari bibi mu minsi 7 mbere yo kwiyandikisha.
Bose batanze amacandwe hamwe nuburyo bubiri bwamazuru muminsi 14 ikurikiranye, hanyuma bitunganywa na PCR, LFT, numuco wa virusi nzima.
Umuco wa virusi nigikorwa cyinshi kandi gisaba amafaranga menshi kidakoreshwa mugupima bisanzwe Covid-19, ariko gifasha kumenya cyane imiterere ya virusi uhereye kurugero.Ibi birashobora gufasha abashakashatsi kugereranya intangiriro nigihe igihe cyo kwandura Covid-19.
Christopher Brooke, umwarimu w’imyororokere n’ibinyabuzima muri UIUC, yagize ati: “Ibizamini byinshi byerekana ibintu bikomoka kuri virusi bifitanye isano na virusi, ariko ntibisobanuye ko hari virusi nzima.Inzira imwe rukumbi yo kumenya niba hari virusi nzima, yanduye ni ugukora icyemezo cyangwa umuco. ”
Hanyuma, abashakashatsi bagereranije uburyo butatu bwo kumenya virusi ya Covid-19-PCR kumenya amacandwe, PCR gutahura ingero zamazuru, hamwe na Covid-19 yihuta ya antigen yamenyekanye.
Ibisubizo by'amacandwe byakozwe n'ikizamini cya PCR cyemewe gishingiye ku macandwe yakozwe na UIUC, cyitwa covidSHIELD, gishobora gutanga ibisubizo nyuma yamasaha agera kuri 12.Ikizamini cya PCR gitandukanye ukoresheje igikoresho cya Abbott Alinity gikoreshwa kugirango ubone ibisubizo bivuye mu mazuru.
Kumenya antigen byihuse byakozwe hakoreshejwe Quidel Sofia SARS antigen fluorescence immunoassay, LFT, yemerewe kuvurwa byihuse kandi ishobora gutanga ibisubizo nyuma yiminota 15.
Hanyuma, abashakashatsi babaze sensibilité ya buri buryo mugutahura SARS-CoV-2, banapima ko virusi nzima bitarenze ibyumweru bibiri ubwandu bwa mbere.
Basanze kwipimisha PCR byoroha kuruta kwipimisha antigen ya Covid-19 mugihe cyo gupima virusi mbere yigihe cyanduye, ariko bagaragaza ko ibisubizo bya PCR bishobora gufata iminsi myinshi kugirango bisubizwe kumuntu wapimwe.
Abashakashatsi babaze ibyiyumvo by’ibizamini bishingiye ku nshuro y’ibizamini basanga ibyiyumvo byo kumenya kwandura birenze 98% iyo ikizamini gikozwe buri minsi itatu, cyaba ari ikizamini cyihuse cya Covid-19 cyangwa ikizamini cya PCR.
Iyo basuzumaga inshuro imwe yo gutahura rimwe mu cyumweru, ibyiyumvo byo kumenya PCR mu myanya y'amazuru n'amacandwe byari bikiri hejuru, hafi 98%, ariko ibyiyumvo byo kumenya antigen byagabanutse kugera kuri 80%.
Ibisubizo byerekana ko gukoresha ikizamini cya antigen yihuta ya Covid-19 byibuze kabiri mu cyumweru kugirango ikizamini cya Covid-19 gifite imikorere igereranywa n’ikizamini cya PCR kandi bigashoboka cyane ko umuntu yanduye mu ntangiriro y’indwara.
Ibisubizo bizakirwa neza nabashinzwe kwipimisha antigen byihuse, baherutse gutangaza ko icyifuzo cyo kwipimisha Covid-19 cyagabanutse kubera ko hatangijwe urukingo.
Ibicuruzwa bya BD na Quidel byombi mu byo baheruka kwinjiza byari bike ugereranyije n’uko abasesenguzi babitekerezaga, kandi nyuma y’uko icyifuzo cya Covid-19 cyagabanutse cyane, Abbott yagabanije icyerekezo cya 2021.
Mu gihe cy'icyorezo, abaganga ntibavuga rumwe ku mikorere ya LFT, cyane cyane kuri gahunda nini zo kwipimisha, kuko usanga bititwaye neza mu gutahura indwara zidafite ibimenyetso.
Ubushakashatsi bwashyizwe ahagaragara n’ikigo cyo muri Amerika gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara muri Mutarama bwerekanye ko ikizamini cyihuse cya Abbott BinaxNOW gishobora kubura hafi bibiri bya gatatu by’indwara zidafite ibimenyetso.
Muri icyo gihe, ikizamini cya Innova cyakoreshejwe mu Bwongereza cyerekanye ko kumva abarwayi ba Covid-19 bafite ibimenyetso byari 58% gusa, mu gihe imibare mike y’icyitegererezo yerekanaga ko ibyiyumvo bidafite ibimenyetso byari 40% gusa.