Haraheze umwaka urenga coronavirus nshya igaragara mubuzima bwacu, ariko haracyari ibibazo byinshi abaganga nabahanga badashobora gusubiza.
Kimwe mu bibazo byingenzi nukumara igihe kingana iki uzakira indwara.
Iki nikibazo abantu bose bayobewe, kuva abahanga kugeza kwisi yose.Muri icyo gihe, abahawe urukingo rwa mbere na bo bifuza kumenya niba badakingiwe virusi.
Ibizamini bya Antibody birashobora gufasha gukemura bimwe muribyo bibazo, ariko ikibabaje ni uko bidatanga ibisobanuro byuzuye kubyerekeye urwego rwubudahangarwa.
Nyamara, barashobora gufasha, kandi abaganga ba laboratoire, abahanga mu gukingira indwara naba virusi bazasobanura birambuye ibyo ukeneye kumenya.
Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi: ibizamini bipima ko hari antibodi, nibindi bizamini byerekana uburyo izo antibodi zikora neza virusi.
Kubwa nyuma, byitwa ikizamini cyo kutabogama, serumu ihura nigice cya coronavirus muri laboratoire kugirango irebe uko antibody ikora nuburyo virusi yangwa.
N'ubwo ikizamini kidatanga ikizere kidashidikanywaho, ntawabura kuvuga ko "ikizamini cyiza cyo kutabogama hafi ya cyose bivuze ko urinzwe", nk'uko byatangajwe na Thomas Lorentz wo mu itsinda ry'abaganga ba laboratoire yo mu Budage.
Immunologue Carsten Watzl yerekana ko ikizamini cyo kutabogama ari cyo.Ariko ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko hari isano hagati yumubare wa antibodi numubare wa antibodiyite.Ati: “Mu yandi magambo, niba mfite antibodi nyinshi mu maraso yanjye, ubwo antibodi zose ntizishobora kwibasira igice cyiza cya virusi”.
Ibi bivuze ko nibizamini byoroshye bya antibody bishobora gutanga urwego runaka rwo kurinda, nubwo impamyabumenyi bashobora kukubwira ari nto.
Watzl yagize ati: "Ntawe ushobora kukubwira urwego rw'ubudahangarwa nyabwo."Ati: “Urashobora gukoresha izindi virusi, ariko ntituragera ku cyiciro cya coronavirus.”Kubwibyo, nubwo urwego rwa antibody rwaba ruri hejuru, haracyari ugushidikanya.
Lorentz yavuze ko mu gihe ibi bitandukanye bitewe n’ibihugu, mu bice byinshi by’Uburayi, isuzuma rya antibody aho abaganga bakusanya amaraso bakayohereza muri laboratoire kugira ngo risesengurwe rishobora gutwara amayero 18 ($ 22), mu gihe ibizamini byo kutabogama biri hagati y’amayero 50 na 90 (60) -110 USD).
Hariho kandi ibizamini bimwe bikwiriye gukoreshwa murugo.Urashobora gufata amaraso muntoki zawe hanyuma ukayohereza muri laboratoire kugirango uyasesengure cyangwa uyatere mu gasanduku k'ibizamini - bisa n'ikizamini cya antigen cyihuse cyanduye coronavirus.
Ariko, Lorenz atanga inama yo kwirinda gukora ibizamini bya antibody wenyine.Igikoresho cyo kwipimisha, hanyuma wohereze icyitegererezo cyamaraso kuriyo, igura amadolari 70.
Bitatu birashimishije cyane.Umubiri wumuntu wihuta kuri virusi ni antibodiya ya IgA na IgM.Zikora vuba, ariko urwego rwamaraso nyuma yo kwandura narwo rugabanuka vuba kurenza itsinda rya gatatu rya antibodies.
Izi ni antibodies za IgG, zakozwe na "selile selile", zimwe murizo zishobora kuguma mu mubiri igihe kirekire kandi ukibuka ko virusi ya Sars-CoV-2 ari umwanzi.
Watzl yagize ati: "Abafite izo selile zo kwibuka barashobora kubyara vuba antibodi nyinshi nshya mugihe bikenewe."
Umubiri ntukora antibodies za IgG kugeza muminsi mike nyuma yo kwandura.Kubwibyo, niba ugerageza ubu bwoko bwa antibody nkuko bisanzwe, abahanga bavuga ko ugomba gutegereza byibuze ibyumweru bibiri nyuma yo kwandura.
Mugihe kimwe, kurugero, niba ikizamini gishaka kumenya niba antibodies za IgM zihari, birashobora kuba bibi nubwo hashize ibyumweru bike nyuma yo kwandura.
Lorenz yagize ati: "Mu gihe cy'icyorezo cya coronavirus, gupima antibodiyite za IgA na IgM ntibyagenze neza."
Ibi ntibisobanura byanze bikunze ko utakingiwe na virusi.Marcus Planning, inzobere mu bijyanye na virusi mu Budage mu bitaro bya kaminuza bya Freiburg, yagize ati: “Twabonye abantu banduye byoroheje kandi urugero rwa antibody rwaragabanutse vuba.”
Ibi bivuze kandi ko ibizamini byabo bya antibody bizahita biba bibi-ariko kubera selile T, barashobora kubona urwego runaka rwo gukingirwa, nubundi buryo umubiri wacu urwanya indwara.
Ntibazasimbukira kuri virusi kugirango bababuze guhagarara kuri selile zawe, ahubwo bazasenya selile zatewe na virusi, bibe igice cyingenzi mubisubizo byubudahangarwa bwawe.
Yavuze ko ibyo bishobora kuba kubera ko nyuma yo kwandura, ufite ubudahangarwa bukomeye bwa T selile, ibyo bikaba byerekana ko urwara indwara nkeya cyangwa ntayo, nubwo ufite antibodi nkeya cyangwa ntayo.
Mubyigisho, umuntu wese ushaka kwipimisha T selile ashobora kwipimisha amaraso akurikije aho aherereye, kuko abaganga batandukanye ba laboratoire batanga ibizamini bya T.
Ikibazo cyuburenganzira nubwisanzure nabyo biterwa nigihe uri.Hariho ahantu henshi biha umuntu wese wanduye COVID-19 mumezi atandatu ashize uburenganzira bumwe numuntu wakingiwe byuzuye.Ariko, ikizamini cyiza cya antibody ntabwo gihagije.
Watzl yagize ati: "Kugeza ubu, inzira yonyine yo kwerekana igihe cyo kwandura ni ikizamini cyiza cya PCR."Ibi bivuze ko ikizamini kigomba gukorwa byibuze iminsi 28 kandi kitarenze amezi atandatu.
Watzl yavuze ko ibi bifite akamaro cyane cyane kubantu bafite ubudahangarwa cyangwa gufata imiti ikingira indwara.Ati: "Hamwe na bo, urashobora kubona urugero rwa antibody iri hejuru nyuma y'urukingo rwa kabiri."Kubandi bose - baba inkingo cyangwa gukira - Watzl yemera ko akamaro ari “gake.”
Lorenz yavuze ko umuntu wese ushaka gusuzuma uburyo bwo kwirinda indwara ya coronavirus agomba guhitamo ikizamini cyo kutabogama.
Yavuze ko adashobora gutekereza igihe icyo ari cyo cyose ikizamini cyoroshye cya antibody cyumvikana, keretse niba ushaka kumenya niba wanduye virusi.
Nyamuneka kanda kugirango usome inyandiko yamakuru twanditse dukurikije itegeko ryo kurinda amakuru bwite No 6698, hanyuma ubone amakuru ajyanye na kuki zikoreshwa kurubuga rwacu hakurikijwe amategeko abigenga.
6698: 351 inzira
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-23-2021